What Are the 3 Types of Lighting & How to Use Them

Ambient lighting, also known as general lighting, is one of the most common types of lighting. It provides a soft glow that blankets your space with enough light to navigate safely and comfortably without causing harsh glare. Ambient light is similar to the natural light within a room, except you create it artificially with the goal of illuminating the space as evenly as possible.

While ambient light helps you move around safely, it is not ideal for tasks that require focused task lighting or for highlighting specific objects. 

Accent lighting adds drama and flair to a room by drawing attention to specific objects or architectural features. It is used to create visual interest by highlighting artwork, sculptures, plants, bookcases, textured walls, or other decorative elements.

To be effective, accent lighting should direct at least three times as much light on the focal point compared to the ambient light in the surrounding area. However, the goal is to draw attention to the object itself, not the light source.

The kitchen is a hub of activity that requires a combination of ambient, task, and accent lighting. Recessed lights can provide overall ambient lighting, ensuring the space is well-lit and easy to navigate. Task lighting is crucial in the kitchen, particularly in areas where you prepare food, cook, and clean. Under-cabinet lights illuminate countertops, while pendant lights over an island or peninsula provide focused light for cooking and dining. To add a decorative touch and highlight specific features, like a unique backsplash or decorative items, use accent lighting such as strip lights or puck lights.

Lighting is crucial in the bathroom, as it's where you start and end your day. Prioritize task lighting around the vanity area, where you need bright, even light for grooming and applying makeup. Sconces on either side of the mirror or a light bar above the mirror can provide shadowless illumination. For ambient lighting, consider a ceiling fixture or recessed lights with a dimmer switch to create a relaxing atmosphere for bathing. In larger bathrooms, you may also want to include accent lighting to highlight decorative features or create a spa-like feel.

A home office requires a well-lit, productive environment. Task lighting is essential for reducing eye strain and ensuring you can focus on your work. Use a desk lamp with adjustable brightness and position it to minimize glare on your computer screen. The lamp should be placed to the side of your work area to avoid casting shadows. For ambient lighting, a ceiling fixture or floor lamp can provide overall illumination, making the space feel more inviting. If you have bookshelves or artwork in your office, consider adding accent lighting to showcase these features and create visual interest.